Drunvalo melchizedek fraud

Quartz carvings in the shape of a human skull

For other uses, see Crystal skull (disambiguation).

Crystal skulls are human skullhardstone carvings made of clear, milky white or other types of quartz (also called "rock crystal"), claimed to be pre-ColumbianMesoamerican artifacts by their alleged finders; however, these claims have been refuted for all of the specimens made available for scientific studies.

The results of these studies demonstrated that those examined were manufactured in the mid-19th century or later, almost certainly in Europe, during a time when interest in ancient culture abounded.^[1][3] The skulls appear to have been crafted in Germany, quite likely at workshops in the town of Idar-Oberstein, which was renowned for crafting objects made from imported Brazilian quartz in the late 19th century.^[4]

Despite some claims presented in an assortment of popularizing literature, legends of crystal skulls with mystical p